Seabed of the Pelagie Islands (ITA040014)
Site type: SAC - Special Conservation Area
Code: ITA040014 - Hectares: 4085
Description:
4.2Quality and importance
The Pelagie have a marine vegetation similar to that present in the central-eastern sector of the Mediterranean basin
distinctly southern characterization, well diversified and rich in notable biogeographical elements, coming from both the eastern and western districts.
An element that plays an important role in the intense hydrodynamism to which the waters of this Region are subject is the wave motion originating from strong winds
dominants of the III and IV quadrant which favor the upwelling of deep waters also under the coast recalled by the warming of surface waters by
of southern winds.The submerged vegetation of the islands of Lampedusa and Lampione is characterized by groupings influenced in their composition
the nature of the substrate (friable limestones), its conformation and exposure. On a rocky substrate, the vegetation appears original due to the presence of
vicariant and simplified guide species due to the prevalence of species of large ecological value, not having the typical zoning of the Mediterranean. In Linosa, island
volcanic of Quaternary origin the Cystoseira populations typical of the Mediterranean (Cystoseiretum strictae, C. crinitae, C. sauvageauanae, C. spinosae)
up to the 70s (Cinelli et al. 1976b) they seem to be in regression and partially replaced by well-structured populations with a wider ecological value. This
trend also found in other areas of the Italian coasts, does not seem to be linked to anthropogenic factors, but rather to general climatic changes (Serio et
to the. 2006) The climax biocenosis of the infralittoral are particularly important and well represented: the Biocenosis of the Posidonia oceanica meadows and the
Coralligenous biocenosis, the latter in particular is present in Linosa. Along the southern side of the island of Lampedusa, the upper limit of the Prairie of
Posidonia is located around -3, -4 m and in many locations it reaches almost to the surface, both in compact formation and in isolated mattes. In the slope
in the north it is instead present below -12, -15 m.In the island of Linosa the upper limit is generally very deep (-20, -30 m), with the only exception
of Pozzolana di Levante where the "matte" of Posidonia can be found at a minimum depth of -8, -10 m along sandy gullies perpendicular to the line of
it costs. Elements of high naturalistic value are the submerged and semi-submerged caves that characterize Lampedusa and Lampione in particular. The first
host the communities of the district in spatially reduced enclaves due to the conformation of the caves themselves (galleries, caves with openings / siphons along the
times) which allows the penetration of light; the latter present in the infralittoral fringe facies with Astroides calycularis and plant bioconstructions, facies a
Elongated coral, and animals, "trottoir" with vermeti: the latter are often found in many areas of the coastal perimeter consisting of the Dendropoma mollusk
paetreum Another characteristic feature of the area is the presence of two important lay sites of the Caretta caretta sea turtle, a species
protected and included in the IUCN red list; these sites are represented by the Spiaggia dei Conigli in Lampedusa and the Pozzolana in the west in Linosa. In
summer period the females go up the sandy beaches during the night to lay the eggs that will remain "guarded" in the sand for 45-60 days before
It is estimated that the population of Tursiops truncatus in Lampedusa consists of about 100 individuals and that this is to be considered as having a high degree of
"Loyalty to the site"; the waters of Lampedusa represent part of the home range of many individuals of the population which probably has a more distribution
wide that includes the whole Pelagie Archipelago. Other marine mammals related to the site seasonally are the fin whale Balaenoptera physalus, il
Common dolphin Delphinus delphis and Stenella Stenella coeruleoalba The Pelagie Islands also represent a nursery area of the yellowtail, Seriola dumerili, which
constitutes an important resource for the local seafaring, and a site of seasonal concentration of other minor species of large pelagics such as the alterate Euthynnus
alletteratus.
4.3 Threats, pressures and activities with impacts on the site
4.4 Ownership (optional)
4.5 Documentation
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Gioenia Sci. Nat. Catania, 31 [354]: 89-100 Alongi G., Dinaro R., Furnari G., Giaccone G., Scammacca B., Serio D., 1993 - Preliminary observations on
marine vegetation of the Island of Lampedusa (Pelagie Islands). Biol. Mar. Medit., 1: 285-286.Alvisi M., Colantoni P. (1994) - Main areas of speleomarine interest
along the Italian coasts. Italian Institute of Speleology, Mem. 6, S. II: 9-13.Arcangeli A., Caltavuturo G., Marini L., Salvati E., Tringali M., Valentini T., Villetti G.,
2001 - Winter sightings of cetaceans in the Sicilian Channel. -Nature - Soc. It. Sci. Nat. Museum Civ. Stor. Nat., Milan, 90 [2]: 5-9. Azzurro E., Andaloro F., 2000 -
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Source: Ministry of the Environment Natura 2000 form
Ministerial data: Ministerial Map Natura 2000 form
Card insertion: Ignazio Caloggero
Photo: web
Information contributions: Ignazio Caloggero, Region of Sicily
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