Aidone
REIS: Sicilian Intangible Heritage Register Expressions
Gallo Italico (Spoken Alloglotta): Aidone
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Description

Gallo Italico (Spoken Alloglotta): Aidone

Property included in the Register of Intangible Heritage of Sicily (REIS)nicosia-sanfratelloThe Gallo-Italics of Sicily (or Gallo-Italics of Sicily) are an alloglot linguistic island within central and eastern Sicily composed of dialects in which characteristics, above all phonetic, typical of northern Italian dominate, that is, belonging to the speeches of the linguistic group Gallo-Italic, in which there is a Gallo-Celtic substrate and a Germanic superstrate, widespread in much of Northern Italy and historically belonging to the macro-region south of the Alps that the Romans called Cisalpine Gaul.

The formation of these linguistic islands in Sicily dates back to the Norman period, in which the Altavilla favored a process of Latinization Sicily by encouraging an immigration policy of people coming from France (Normans, Provençals and Bretons) and northern Italy (mainly Piedmontese and Ligurians) with the granting of lands and privileges.

The speech of these settlers coming from northern Italy has been maintained for a long time in Sicily, even if the linguistic islands created have begun to be eroded by the impact, first, with the Sicilian dialects, and in more recent times, with that of television and of compulsory school, envisaging the concrete danger of a disappearance of this ancient and precious historical and glottological Sicilian testimony.

The places included in the REIS - "Sicilian Intangible Heritage Register" - Book of Expressions - Speech Alloglotta Gallo Italico - established by the Sicilian Region I'm:

Nicosia, Sperlinga, Piazza Armerina and Aidone in the province of Enna; San Fratello and Novara di Sicilia in the province of Messina.

Other places, although not included in the REIS, are interested in the spread of the Gallo-Italian language among these, to remain in the province of Messina:

  • Fondachelli Fantina
  • Francavilla di Sicilia
  • St. Sunday Victory
  • Roccella Valdemone
  • San Piero Patti
  • acquedolci

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Technical data sheets prepared by: Region of Sicily - Department of cultural heritage and Sicilian identity - CRicd: Regional center for inventory, cataloging and documentation and Sicilian regional film library

Technical data sheet n. 14 (Aidone)
No. Prog.
14
Bene
Gallo Italico (Speech Alloglotta)
Book
REI - Book of Expressions
Approval date
25-01-2006
Category
Expressive practice
Province
Enna
Location
Aidone (in daletto Aidungh or Dadungh)
Common
Aidone
Local denomination
Aidonian vernacular
Chronological News
The vernacular of Aidone, together with the dialect of Piazza Armerina, Nicosia, Sperlinga and San Fratello, is called by experts in the Gallo-Italic linguistic sector.
This dialect has been maintained for a long time in Sicily and was distinguished from Sicilian for its phonetic, morphological and lexical characteristics. However, these characteristics began to be eroded by the impact with Sicilian dialects.
The first traces of the foundation of Aidone by the Lombards are found in the History of Sicily 1558 by Tommaso Fazello of 1574.
The historian, in his writing, hypothesized that the city was founded by the Normans during the conquest of Sicily, at the end of the XNUMXth century. The origin of the dialect is traced back to this episode. 
recurrence
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Data
 
opportunity
 
Function
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Actors
 
Participants
 
Description
The scholar Giovanni Tropea writes that, in Aidone, the Gallo-Italic dialect, already at the end of the nineteenth century, was used only in domestic or rural contexts, or by the lower and backward class of the population. In the town there was a marked aversion towards the Gallo-Italic dialect. In particular, the use of the vernacular was opposed in children, for a specific social prejudice. The isolated position of the city, as well as the proximity to Piazza Armerina, have favored, however, the preservation of the dialect that has increasingly approached the Sicilian dialect due to the need to communicate.
The presence of a bilingualism of the Aidonese community spread, which uses two dialects indiscriminately: the Gallo-Italic dialect (the spoken to a cc went out) and the dialect that could be defined as Sicilianized Gallo-Italian dialect (the spoken ađ ccussì). This last dialect (which is a mixture of words, terms and sounds of the Sicilian languages ​​of the surrounding countries and also of the national language, adapted to the phonological system of one's own Gallo-Italian language) was formed over the centuries, since it was realized that the the use of pure Gallo-Italic constituted an obstacle to spoken comprehension, especially when there was dialogue with foreigners, including those of other Sicilian communities.
A written testimony of the vernacular are the verses of Aidonese poets of the early twentieth century, including Antonino Ranfaldi whose composition follows:
 
Sunett 'ca cuva
A ddinga ch-agn 'giurn' us' â v'rsùra
Nan eja com-a cudda c'tatìna:
Tu l-àj-a p'rdunè knows this morning
O mirt 'to s' ncula cu russura.
Nan is, as in Tuscany, great s'gnura
Idda n-testa s' ntruscia a mant'lina.
Nan vò ntras'r, no, dâ to purtina,
O scianch 'a l-om' vo r'stè â v'rsura.
P 'fèr'la rr'vè za is away
Rann à stait 'u b'sogn' ch-à s'ntùit ':
O to n'mich ', sa parra s' gghj' away!
Fasgiss'n 'ddasagn' and fav 'cùit',
And nan unsciass'n '... apiece! ... Ngià s'ddìa!
Tutt 's' n-àn' anè a zappè nt 'l-ùit'.
Ancura av 'a understood, 
Race d 'scecch' vigghj '?!
Annèv'n! P 'vui nan is u Cuns'gghj'

Nan n 'fè nf'l'nì, 
Fasgìn 'stu faùr',
Advance 'cà v-avìa v' fè cû scur '.
L-àva, nsumma a f'nì?
D 'frà v' prii, fasgì'n 'sta car'tà:
I gint 'von' agnungh 'a l'bartà.
 
Sonnet caudate
The language I use every day in the countryside
it's not like that town:
you have to forgive her if this this morning
to your merit approaches with blush.
She is not, like Tuscany, a great lady,
she wraps her cape on her head.
does not want to enter, no, through your door 
at the side of man he wants to stay in the countryside. 
To make her come here,
great was the need he felt:
to your enemy, if he speaks he throws himself on him!
They also did lasagna and cooked broad beans
and they didn't swell our heads! It already annoys!
they all have to go and dig the garden.
 
You still have to understand,
kind of old donkeys ?!
Go away! the advice is not for you
Don't make us angry,
do us this favor,
before you have to get dark.
In short, you have to finish it!
As a brother, please do us charity:
people each want freedom.
 
Catalog Sheet
 
REFERENCES
Mazzola, Joachim. 1913.  History of Aidone. Catania: Ed.Niccolò Giannotta.
 
Falzello, Thomas. 1574. History of Sicily 1558, in the translation by Remigio Fiorentino. Venice.
 
Millilli, Gaetano. 2004. Poems and proverbs in the Gallo-Italian language of Aidone with brief and partial notions of grammar and explanatory notes. Barrafranca: Bonfirraro Publisher.
 
Roccella, Remiglio. 1970. Vocabulary of the language spoken in Piazza Armerina. Bologna: Forni publisher.
 
Toso, Florence. 2008. Linguistic minorities in Italy. Bologna: The Mill.
 
Found, Salvatore. 1989. Galloitalici Project, Essays and Materials, Department of Medieval and Modern Literary Philological Linguistic Sciences, University of Catania.
 
Found it, Salvatore. 2002. Sicily. Turin: UTET.
 
Tropea, John. 1966. Effects of linguistic symbiosis in the Gallo-Italian dialects of Aidone, Nicosia and Novara di Sicilia, Turin: Rattero Publishing House.
Sitography

On-line Encyclopedia Treccani - Gallo-Italic, community  [Last consultation 27-04-2016]

Filmography
 
Discography
 
Footnotes
Antonino Ranfaldi, born in Aidone in 1868 and died in Piazza Armerina in 1945, was a doctor, man of letters and author of poems and theatrical texts.
Author Card
Frances Maria Riccobene
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